A comparative synthesis of OpenAI, Anthropic, and DeepSeek harness architectures—and why the harness should be treated as a replaceable runtime layer, not the whole AI system.
A governed AI architecture starts with actors, state, authority, policy, evidence, and workflow before models, agents, databases, or orchestration are selected.
A practical test for deciding when persistent state, authority, workflows, and decision memory justify an AI operating-system pattern—and when a simpler tool is better.